Actually, every "OAT" type coolant that I have looked at does not have phosphates, so BMW is not unusual there. (Oops. Edit: Meant to say "every non-Japanese OAT type coolant does not have phosphates.") What sets the BMW coolant apart from the others is the presence of silicates.
Silicates and phosphates are the anti-corrosion components of the old "green" color antifreeze that has been in use since grandma churned her own butter. Worked reasonably well as long as it was changed frequently, and more importantly - was mixed with pure water. Otherwise, the phosphates will interact with minerals in the water and precipitate out. That is basically was clogged radiators in the old days.
GM's DexCool was one of the first OAT coolants, replacing the silicates and phosphates with organic compounds that basically did the same thing, but lasted longer and was more tolerant of not so good quality water. However, DexCool (at least in it's original formulation - it might have changed) had a corrosion inhibitor called 2-EH (sounds like 2 Canadians talking, eh?) that under some circumstances could turn acidic and eat stuff, especially some gasket material. Used to have a late 90's Chevy Blazer 4.3. Dexcool caused some bad reaction that filled the entire cooling system with thick brown mud. Ended up spending thousand$ over a couple of years in repairs. Class action suit, we eventually got reimbursed.
But OAT coolants have improved. Now it seems to be the standard. However, apparently the anti-corrosion components are slow acting and may not completely address corrosion issues. They are sort of like letting a wound heal naturally. Silicates OTOH, are quick acting, covering everything with a very thin coating, like a bandaid. That's why BMW is somewhat unique in adding silicates (from the old "green" anti-freeze days) into the modern OAT formulation. Called HOAT for Hybrid OAT. Japanese manufacturers claim it will harm water pump seals and the thin anti-corrosion coating can cause overheating. Thus, to Japanese manufacturers, silicates are verboten. But oddly enough, some American and European manufacturers seem to find that a bit of silicate protection is OK.
One problem with OAT formulations is that the corrosion inhibitors do not work well with copper and brass. So older cars should probably stick to the original green stuff. I had a 308 Ferrari, which had nearly every metal on the planet in it's cooling system - aluminum, iron wet cylinder liners, copper radiator, brass coolant overflow tank, and a heavy dose of lead based solder holding some of it together. I used the green coolant with distilled water, changing it every 2 years. Could see no hint of corrosion or sludge anywhere.
For the Maser, I ended up buying Peak's BMW clone. HOAT formulation.
Hans.